This paper demonstrates a new modeling method of the complex heterogeneous processes between a metal and slag based on a pattern of formation of the crystallization fields of phases. The theoretical justification was provided for the using of the osmotic coefficients of Bjerrum-Guggenheim with the reduction reactions of elements from the liquid oxide melts into metal. As an example. t... https://countryscenesaddleryandpetsuppliers.shop/product-category/acavallo-gel/